Class Discussion-Exam 3 Questions

The following are the final list of questions that the third exam will cover. Be sure to notice that the numbers may not be the same as those at the end of the lecture notes. I will choose 5 of these and you will have to answer 4.

Hawaiian Earthquakes

Describe the three major types of earthquakes in Hawaii? What regions of the island chain do each effect and what are they general depths and magnitudes of each type? How does each type form? Which class is the most dangerous? [Hint: Volcanic related earthquakes represent only one of these types, the others are related to movements of the volcanoes and subsidence].
Describe the difference between the 4 types of seismic activity associated with eruptions (you can sketch a picture of the seismic trace). What causes the different volcano seismic behaviors and how are the earthquakes interpreted? [Hint: Tremor, Long Period, Short Period, and Dike Swarms =4]

Volcano Monitoring

Be able to do all of the required volcano monitoring exercises. I will use some of these exactly as they are presented on the web page.
Explain how surface deformation is used to track changes in magma movement and volume changes within a volcano. Discuss the differences in uplift patterns you might expect from a shallow dike versus inflation of a deep magma chamber.

Lava Flows, Lava Tubes, and Lava Deltas

Explain why a`a and pahoehoe form. Using the concepts of viscosity and shear stress explain the various paramenters that influence the formation of pahoehoe and a`a. Contrast the type of lava you might expect to be produced by a major Mauna Loa eruption to that being produced by the current eruption.
Describe how lava tubes form and what mechanisms control their formation. Discuss paramenters that influence the change of shape of a tube system with time.
Discuss how lava deltas form and the role that benches play in their formation. How does the shape and stability of lava deltas change during the course of a prolonged eruption?