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An aa
flow moves downslope. Note that the molten interior moves forward,
carrying the passive black clinker on top. The clinker rolls forward and
is then buried by the flow.
At the coast,
a pahoehoe flow that has crusted over suddenly breaks
out, as pressure from the molten lava creates a small breakout.
A littoral
cone is being formed at the ocean entry. After a piece of the bench
has broken off, seawater gains entry to the lava tube. The water heats
up and creates spectacular pseudo-fountaining.
Pahoehoe begins
to flow over a collapsed area, and quickly forms a thin
crust which then falls, stretching out fine strands of volcanic glass
or Pele's Hair.
A skylight,
or hole through the roof of an active lava tube, shows molten lava flowing
downhill. Watch as two rocks are thrown into the lava and are carried downstream.
A seismic drum
records tremor from the North Pit of Halemaumau on March
8th, 1993. Magma is moving through the underground conduit, but not erupting.
Another seismic
drum records small earthquakes from the Makaopuhi station,
same date, same magma. Here the magma is being intruded below ground as dikes.
Note that the earthquake shown starts out large, then diminishes with time.