Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani Post-Baccalaureate Credential Licensing Programs

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For information on the post-baccalaureate programs, please contact:
Director Kalena Silva, Ph.D. (kalena_s@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu)
Kanakaʻole Hall 235
200 W. Kāwili Street
Hilo, Hawaiʻi 96720-4091
Phone: (808) 974-7342
Fax: (808) 974-7736

Or contact: Graduate Programs Coordinator Charles Langlas, Ph.D. (kale_l@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu)

Or visit the Web site: www.olelo.hawaii.edu/khuok/

Professors:
Kalena Silva, Ph.D.

• Hawaiian language, music, literature, hula;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian Studies, Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, M.A. in Indigenous Education, M.A. in Hawaiian Language & Literature, Ph.D. program, college director

William H. Wilson, Ph.D.

• Hawaiian language and linguistic analysis, comparative Polynesian linguistics;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian language, Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, M.A. in Indigenous Education, M.A. in Hawaiian Language & Literature, Ph.D. program, chair Academic Division

Associate Professor:
Kauanoe Kamanā, M.A.

• Hawaiian and indigenous education;
• Coordinator Hawaiian Medium Laboratory Schools, teacher Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program

Assistant Professors:
Makalapua Alencastre, M.A.

• Hawaiian and indigenous education;
• Teacher Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, coordinator and teacher M.A. in Indigenous Language and Culture Education

Jason D. Cabral, M.A.

• Hawaiian language and linguistic analysis;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian language, chair of Hawaiian Studies Department, chair college faculty senate

Keola Donaghy, M.A.

• Hawaiian and Polynesian music;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian Studies, coordinator Media and Telecommunications Services

Alohalani Housman, M.Ed.

• Hawaiian and indigenous education;
• Teacher Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, M.A. in Indigenous Language and Culture Education, director Hale Kuamoʻo Center for Hawaiian Language

Noelani Iokepa-Guerrero, Ph.D.

• Hawaiian and indigenous education;
• Coordinator pre-school programs for Hawaiian Medium Laboratory Schools, teacher Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, M.A. in Indigenous Language and Culture Education

Keiki Kawaiʻaeʻa, M.Ed.

• Hawaiian and indigenous education;
• Coordinator and teacher Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, teacher M.A. in Indigenous Language and Culture Education

Larry L. Kimura, M.A.

• Hawaiian lexicon, Hawaiian poetry composition and exposition, native speaker documentation and corpus analysis;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian language and Hawaiian Studies, Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program

Charles M. Langlas, Ph.D.

• Hawaiian culture and history, nineteenth century texts, oral history;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian Studies, M.A. in Hawaiian Language & Literature, Ph.D. program,
• Graduate programs coordinator

Yumiko Ohara, Ph.D.

• Descriptive linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, second language learning;
• Coordinator and teacher undergraduate linguistics, teacher Ph.D. program

Hiapo K. Perreira, M.A.

• Hawaiian literature, oratory, religion;
• Teacher undergraduate Hawaiian language and Hawaiian Studies, Ke Kula ʻO Nāwahīokalaniʻōpuʻu Hawaiian Medium laboratory school (high school)

Scott Saft, Ph.D.

• Descriptive linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics;
• Teacher undergraduate linguistics, Ke Kula ʻO Nāwahīokalaniʻōpuʻu Hawaiian Medium laboratory school, Ph.D. program

Vision and Mission of the College

ʻO ka ʻōlelo ke kaʻā o ka mauli—Language is the fiber that binds us to our cultural identity.

Consistent with the official status of the Hawaiian language in the state constitution, the Hawaiʻi state legislature mandated in 1997 the establishment of a college at the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, with classes and staff meetings to be conducted through the Hawaiian language. Established by the University of Hawaiʻi Board of Regents in 1998, UH Hilo’s College of Hawaiian Language, Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani, was named in honor of Ruth Keʻelikōlani Keanolani Kanāhoahoa, the nineteenth century high chiefess known for her strong advocacy of Hawaiian language and culture.

The mission of the college is first to seek the revitalization of the Hawaiian language and culture, endangered by the dominance of Western culture in the twentieth century, so that both language and culture once again become commonplace in both educational and non-educational contexts in Hawaiʻi. Secondly, the college seeks to aid other indigenous peoples to revitalize their own endangered languages and cultures. Linguistics, the scientific study of human language, is central to the Ph.D. program of the college and informs its work in all other areas as well.

The college is still small, and its post-baccalaureate programs continue their assent toward full establishment in numbers of faculty and students. The M.A. program in Hawaiian Language and Literature was initiated in 1998, just after the college was established. The Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program to train Hawaiian speaking teachers for Hawaiian medium schools was initiated in 1999. Two additional graduate programs were initiated later: the Ph.D. in Hawaiian and Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization in 2006, and the M.A. in Indigenous Language and Culture Education in 2007. For now, the college’s ability to train students whose indigenous language is other than Hawaiian is limited to the Ph.D. program. The M.A. program in Indigenous Language and Culture Education currently offers a Plan B practicing track, which requires students to be fluent in Hawaiian language. In the future, with an increase in the number of faculty, the college intends to offer a Monitoring Indigenous Education track that will be open to students focusing on other indigenous languages. The college will also open the Certificate Program in Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization, which aims to prepare students who have already obtained a bachelor’s degree for work as educators, or for entering one of the college’s graduate programs.

Certificate in Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization

This certificate program is approved but has not yet been implemented. Contact the director of the college for anticipated future implementation of this certificate program.

Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program

Coordinator: Keiki Kawaiʻaeʻa

Faculty:
Makalapua Alencastre, M.A.
Alohalani Houseman, M.Ed.
Keiki Kawaiʻaeʻa, M.Ed.

The program is assisted by experts in Hawaiian language and culture from outside the college and by additional faculty drawn from Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani College of Hawaiian Language, including the following.
Kalena Silva, Ph.D.
Pila Wilson, Ph.D.
Keola Donaghy, M.A.
Hiapo Perreira, M.A.

For more information about Kahuawaiola or to request an application packet, please contact:
Kuʻulei Kepaʻa
Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani College
University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, 200 West Kāwili Street, Hilo, Hawaiʻi 96720-4091
Phone: (808) 974-7796; fax: (808) 974-7797
E-mail: noi_kahuawaiola@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu
or visit: www.kahuawaiola.org

Program Mission

The mission of Kahuawaiola is to prepare “Mauli Ola Hawaiʻi” teachers of the highest quality, who are grounded in Hawaiian language and culture, to serve in Hawaiian language medium schools, in Hawaiian language and culture programs in English medium schools, and in schools serving students with a strong Hawaiian cultural background.

Program description

The Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program is a three-semester post-baccalaureate program, delivered primarily through the medium of Hawaiian, specifically designed to prepare Mauli Ola Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian identity nurturing) teachers of the highest quality to teach in Hawaiian language medium schools, Hawaiian language and culture programs in English medium schools, and schools serving students with a strong Hawaiian cultural background. Kahuawaiola is accredited through the State Approval of Teacher Education Programs (SATE). Upon successful completion of the program, candidates will have satisfied one of the requirements for initial licensure from the Hawaiʻi Teachers Standards Board. (See Graduation Requirements section for additional requirements for recommendation to the HTSB.)

Based on the Hawaiian concepts Ma ka hana ka ʻike (Knowledge comes from direct experience), and Ma mua ka hana, ma hope ka walaʻau (direct experience comes first, discussion comes second), Kahuawaiola places a high value on on-site learning and practicum experience with high performance outcomes. Academics are integrated in a spiraling sequence and holistic indigenous approach both within and outside the classroom for a balance of theory and applied learning situations. The four program areas of teacher preparation include, 1) Hawaiian language, culture, and values; 2) pedagogical skills; 3) knowledge of content; and 4) development of professional qualities.

Kahuawaiola is delivered through a Hawaiian cultural framework of four pale, or phases. The first pale, Wanaʻao, requires that students accepted into the program have previous experience in teaching and/or curriculum development through the medium of Hawaiian. (See Entrance Requirements section for complete description of work experience requirement.)

The second pale, Kahikole, takes place during the summer. During this foundation phase of teacher training, principles of learning and teaching are integrated with state standards and general educational theory through a philosophy of education, Ke Kumu Honua Mauli Ola, based on Hawaiian traditions. Students learn to integrate Hawaiian culture and pedagogy into all phases of the curriculum and content areas, including differential learning strategies, lesson planning, assessment, classroom management, and other skills necessary for practical application in the third pale. Students carry a total course load of 13 credits during the summer session.

Students then invest two full semesters to gain student teaching experience at Hawaiian medium school locations around the state. They are encouraged to return to their home communities for the practicum phases and are supported by a cooperating teacher, regular site visits from clinical faculty, and professional development workshops where the students are given the opportunity to interact with practicing Hawaiian immersion professionals from throughout the state. Students are expected to commit full-time to the practicum experience, which also includes a discussion seminar held on Saturdays via HITS (Hawaiʻi Interactive Television System). The third pale, Kahikū, takes place during the fall semester and focuses on developing teaching skills but includes discussion of broader issues as appropriate. Students carry a total course load of 12 credits during the fall semester which includes both the practicum and seminar.

The fourth pale, Kaulolo, takes place during the spring semester and focuses on mastery of teaching skills and professionalism through extended teaching experiences and seminar support. The seminar focuses on hypothetical situations and long-range goals rather than practical day-to-day situations, although these are also covered when appropriate. In this pale, students acquire the higher-level planning and conceptualization skills necessary for the growth of Hawaiian medium education. During the spring semester, students carry a total course load of 12 credits including both the practicum and seminar.

Evaluation of Hawaiian language proficiency is conducted through tests that evaluate the level of fluency in six areas: 1) reading comprehension; 2) aural comprehension; 3) use of standard orthography in adapting older materials; 4) translation from English; 5) composition; and 6) oral language skills demonstrated in an interview.

Admission Requirements

Applicants will be evaluated on the following criteria:

1. Completion of the application packet.
2. B.A. or B.S. degree from an accredited college or university, in a major approved by the Hawaiian Studies Division requiring a minimum of 120 credits, 45 of which are at the 300 level or above.
3. A minimum GPA of 2.75 in both the major and cumulative record.
4. Four years of Hawaiian language with a minimum GPA of 2.75 for the third and fourth years, or permission from the Hawaiian Studies Division based on an evaluation of fluency.
5. Successful completion of one of the following: HWST 111, 211, 213; or permission from the Hawaiian Studies Division based on an evaluation of Hawaiian cultural knowledge and skills.
6. Successful completion of one of the following: HWST 205, 471, 472, 473, 474; or permission from the Hawaiian Studies Division based on an evaluation of Hawaiian cultural knowledge and skills.
7. Successful completion of Haw 490 Base-Level Fluency for Hawaiian Medium Education.
8. 50 hours of (paid or volunteer) teaching experience through the medium of Hawaiian, OR 30 hours of (paid or volunteer) teaching experience through the medium of Hawaiian AND 30 hours of (paid or volunteer) experience in Hawaiian medium curriculum development.
9. Passing scores on the Praxis I exams (reading, writing, and mathematics), AND on Praxis II (Subject Assessments) Content Area Exercises relevant to secondary level licenses which the applicant will seek from the Hawai‘i Teacher Standards Board.
10. Interview with Kahuawaiola faculty.

Applying to the Program

Applications will be evaluated on submission of the following required documentation in a timely manner. (Application deadline January 31st)
University of Hawaiʻi Application for Admission (including processing fee)

1. Kahuawaiola Admission Application
2. Statement of interest
3. Work Experience Verification form
4. Three letters of recommendation
5. Official college/university transcripts (for EACH post-high institution previously attended)
6. Official Praxis I/II scores

* Applicants accepted into the program will be required to complete additional documentation prior to the start of the summer session, including but not limited to a criminal background check and fingerprinting as required by the state prior to classroom teaching. For more information, contact the Kahuawaiola office.

Graduation Requirements

Graduation from the program is based on the successful completion of the following requirements:

1. NINE courses totaling 37 credits:
   • KEd 620 (3) Foundations for Hawaiian Medium Education
   • KEd 621 (3) Language Arts in Hawaiian Medium Education
   • KEd 622 (2) Math and Science in Hawaiian Medium Education
   • KEd 623 (2) Social Studies in Hawaiian Medium Education
   • KEd 624 (3) Technology, Arts, and Physical Education in Hawaiian Medium Education
   • KEd 641 (9) Hawaiian Medium Field Experience I
   • KEd 642 (3) Hawaiian Medium Field Experience I Seminar
   • KEd 643 (9) Hawaiian Medium Field Experience II
   • KEd 644 (3) Hawaiian Medium Field Experience II Seminar
2. Minimum GPA of 3.0 in all teacher training courses requiring grades.

Candidates complete “requirements” on two levels:

LEVEL ONE - “CERTIFICATE COMPLETER” - Upon completion of all Kahuawaiola course requirements, candidates graduate and receive the Certificate in Indigenous Education from UH Hilo. (Application for Gradation required.)

LEVEL TWO - “PROGRAM COMPLETER” - In addition to completing the certificate, candidates ALSO complete remaining Praxis exams (PLT and Praxis II Subject Assessment Pedagogy exams/Elementary Education exams) required for licenses which they will seek from the Hawaiʻi Teacher Standards Board (HTSB). Only after successful completion of Praxis exams are candidates recommended by Kahuawaiola to the HTSB for licensure. Only “Program Completers” are eligible to apply for teaching licenses from the HTSB.

Academic Status, Progression, and Readmission Policies

Kahuawaiola students are expected to maintain full-time status in three consecutive semesters in order to complete the course work, field experiences, and other requirements of the program. There are no elective courses.

Unless so designated, Kahuawaiola courses may not be taken on a “credit/no credit” basis. A 3.0 GPA must be maintained in all courses. A student whose GPA falls below 3.0 may be dismissed from the program. Likewise, a student may be removed from a field experience if it is determined by Kahuawaiola faculty that the student is not making satisfactory progress toward meeting the requirements of the program. Such removal may result in complete dismissal from the program.

Master of Arts (M.A.) in Indigenous Language and Culture Education

Coordinator: Makalapua Alencastre

Faculty:
Makalapua Alencastre, M.A.
Alohalani Houseman, M.Ed.
Noelani Iokepa-Guerrero, Ph.D.
Keiki Kawaiʻaeʻa, M.Ed.

The program is also assisted by other faculty drawn from Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani College of Hawaiian Language and by scholars with a national and international reputation in indigenous language and culture education from outside the college.

For information contact:
Kuʻulei Kepaʻa
Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani College
University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, 200 West Kāwili Street, Hilo, Hawaiʻi 96720-4091
Phone: (808)974-7796; fax: (808)974-7797
E-mail: ma_naauao@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu
or visit: http://www.olelo.hawaii.edu/khuok/ma_naauao.php

Program Mission

The mission of the M.A. program in Hawaiian and Indigenous Language and Culture Education is to prepare indigenous educators as reflective practitioners and researchers, who are prepared to promote the further development of indigenous culture-based education.

Program Description

The Master of Arts in Indigenous Language and Culture Education is designed for indigenous language and culture education practitioners such as teachers, administrators, and culture resource specialists. The college’s Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program, Hale Kuamoʻo Center for Hawaiian Language, P-12 laboratory school, baccalaureate, and graduate Hawaiian medium education programs and its consortium with the ʻAha Pūnana Leo provide unique and valuable resources for understanding indigenous language and culture education.

The M.A. program in Indigenous Language and Culture Education currently offers only a Plan B practicing track, which requires students to be fluent in Hawaiian language and to simultaneously pursue the Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher’s Education Certificate. Hawaiian language use in the majority of Practicing Track courses provides students with the tools to deliver indigenous language and culture education at a high level. In the future, when the faculty is larger, the college intends to open a monitoring indigenous education track that will be open to students focusing on other indigenous languages.

Students accepted into the master’s program must have met requirements for study and fluency in the Hawaiian language and culture, which will be their point of reference throughout the program.

Admission Requirements for the Practicing Track (Plan B, non-thesis):

Bachelor’s degree from an accredited college or university with a minimum 3.0 grade point average in an approved field of study, e.g., Indigenous Studies, Ethnic Studies, Education, Languages (including English)

1. Three letters of recommendation at least one of which must focus on the applicant’s background in the Hawaiian language and culture and service to the Hawaiian community;
2. 30 credits of study in Hawaiian language or a program approved combination of Hawaiian language and a metropolitan language, Anthropology or Linguistics with no grade lower than a “B” and a 3.5 average;
3. 9 credits of study in the Hawaiian culture or a program approved combination of Hawaiian culture and related social science courses such as Anthropology and Sociology with no grade lower than a “B” and a 3.5 average;
4. Teaching experience either paid or volunteer;
5. Complete taped interview either in person or by telephone;
6. Graduate Record Exam (GRE) scores;
7. In the case of second language speakers of English, passing scores on the TOFEL as determined by the College or other evidence of English fluency.
8. Prior completion of the Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program or current enrollment in that program. (Note that enrollment in the Kahuawaiola program requires that the student has previously passed HAW 490 Base-level Fluency for Hawaiian Medium Education.)
9. Further information on the details of fulfilling admission requirements are available from the Program. The College, may under some circumstances, provisionally accept students to the Program.

Graduation Requirements

Practicing Indigenous Education Track (Non-thesis) (31 credits)

1. 3 credits in KEd 630 Research Methods in Indigenous Language and Culture Education
2. 10 credits in group specific indigenous language medium education
   • KEd 620 Foundations for Hawaiian Medium Education (3)
   • KEd 622 Math and Science in Hawaiian Medium Education (2)
   • KEd 623 Social Studies in Hawaiian Medium Education (2)
   • KEd 624 Technology, Arts, and Physical Education in Hawaiian Medium Education (3)
3. 3 credits in KEd 621 Language Arts in Hawaiian Medium Education
4. 6 credits in field study
   • KEd 642 Hawaiian Medium Field Experience I Seminar (3)
   • KEd 644 Hawaiian Medium Field Experience II Seminar (3)
5. 6 credits in appropriate 600 level education, multilingual societies or linguistics electives taken from any two of the following:
   • HAW 632 Teaching Hawaiian as a Second Language
   • KEd 660 Indigenous Culture-Based Education in Theory and Practice
   • KEd 661 Curriculum Development in Mauli Ola-based Schools
   • KEd 662 Cultivating Native Well-being Through Education
6. 3 credits in KEd 693 Applied Research In Indigenous Education
7. Completion of the Kahuawaiola Indigenous Teacher Education Program
   • KEd 641 Hawaiian Medium Field Experience I
   • KEd 643 Hawaiian Medium Field Experience II
8. Passing scores on required PRAXIS examinations

Master of Arts (M.A.) in Hawaiian Language and Literature

Coordinator: Kalena Silva, kalena_s@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu
Kanakaʻole Hall 269
University of Hawaii at Hilo
200 W. Kāwili Street
Hilo, Hawaiʻi 96720
808-974-7342

Faculty:
Charles Langlas, Ph.D.
Kalena Silva, Ph.D.
William H. Wilson, Ph.D.

Contact person: Charles Langlas, langlas@hawaii.edu

Program Mission

The mission of the M.A. program in Hawaiian Language and Literature is to prepare scholars to carry out research to enhance our knowledge of Hawaiian language and culture in order to ensure their preservation and revitalization. The program draws upon the tremendous wealth of Hawaiian literary resources from the 19th and 20th centuries and examines the contemporary use of Hawaiian language and culture.

Program Description

The M.A. in Hawaiian Language and Literature was UH Hilo’s first graduate program and the first focusing on a Native American language in the United States. The program is designed for students who have already achieved fluency in spoken Hawaiian and competency in reading modern and historical Hawaiian texts. Student cohorts are accepted every three years. Currently, the college offers only a Plan A degree, which requires a thesis.

Entrance Requirements

1. B.A. or B.S. degree from an accredited college or university
2. 30 upper division credits in HAW or HWST courses with no grade lower that a “B” and a minimum 3.5 grade point average
3. Three letters of recommendation
4. Interview and successful completion of an examination in Hawaiian language and culture conducted by the Hawaiian Studies faculty, held in the Spring semester prior to Fall admission;
5. Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores

Graduation Requirements

Complete all seven of the following requirements for a total of 36 semester hours:

1. Earn 12 semester hours from the following 4 courses: HAW 630, 631, 654; and HWST 663.
2. Earn 3 semester hours from HWST 661 or 662.
3. Earn 3 semester hours from HWST 664 or 665.
4. Earn 3 semester hours from either HAW 690 or HWST 699V (course must be approved by program chair). Students typically study for at least six weeks with another endangered language community outside Hawaiʻi.
5. Earn 9 semester hours in upper division and graduate Hawaiian Language or Hawaiian Studies courses from the following list, with not more than 6 hours at the 400 level:
   • HAW or HWST 400-498, 600-699V (except HAW 490)
   • KED 600-699V (except KED 641-644)
   • KANT 486
   • KIND 601-602
6. Earn 6 semester hours in HAW 700
7. Earn no grade lower than a “B”

Under certain circumstances a student may request a transfer from the Masters in Hawaiian Language and Literature to the Ph.D. in Hawaiian and Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization after completing a minimum of 18 credits of graduate work.

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Hawaiian and Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization

Coordinator and contact person: William H. Wilson, pila_w@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu
234 Kanakaʻole Hall
University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo
200 W. Kāwili Street
Hilo, Hawaiʻi 96720
808-974-7454
pila_w@leoki.uhh.hawaii.edu

Faculty:
Charles Langlas, Ph.D.
Yumiko Ohara, Ph.D.
Scott Saft, Ph.D.
Kalena Silva, Ph.D.
William H. Wilson, Ph.D.

Affiliate Instructional Faculty:
John Charlot, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Professor, Department of Religion
William Demmert, Western Washington University, Woodring College of Education, Professor Emeritus,
Larry Kaplan, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Professor, Department of Linguistics and Director Alaska Native Language Center

Program Mission

The mission of the Ph.D. program in Hawaiian and Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization is to train well rounded Hawaiian and other indigenous scholars who are prepared to take leadership roles within their communities in indigenous language and culture revitalization.

Program Description

Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelilkōlani is widely recognized as the leader in indigenous language revitalization in the United States, and indeed the North Pacific Basin. Concentrated in Hilo is a preschool through graduate school Hawaiian medium educational system and key support offices providing administrative, curricular, language planning, and technological support to programs throughout the Hawaiian islands. In addition, Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani provides government sponsored outreach services to support indigenous languages throughout Polynesia and the United States.

The Doctorate in Hawaiian and Indigenous Language and Culture Revitalization is designed first to serve the needs of the State of Hawaiʻi for advanced academic training and scholarly research in the Hawaiian language. An additional goal is to use the internationally recognized successful model of Hawaiian language revitalization to provide other indigenous scholars and language educators with graduate level education relevant to the revitalization of their own languages and cultures. By providing a forum for the exchange of ideas and research on the many issues involved in revitalizing indigenous languages and cultures elsewhere, Hawaiian revitalization will be further strengthened.

All students in the doctoral program are required to speak an indigenous language—their “language of focus”—and further develop their knowledge of that language in courses that explore the similarities and differences among such languages. In addition, students choose two specializations from among the four systematic fields offered in the program, a) Indigenous Language and Culture Education, b) Indigenous Language and Culture in Society, c) Language Planning, and d) Hawaiian Language and Culture. Thus, students who focus on a non-Hawaiian indigenous language will choose two specializations from areas a), b), and c); students who focus on Hawaiian language may choose among all four areas.

A number of possible paths from other universities lead into the doctoral program, including the master’s in Indigenous Studies, Anthropology, Languages (including English), and Linguistics. For those with a strong interest in Hawaiian, the College itself provides the Master of Arts in Hawaiian Language and Literature, the first master’s in an indigenous language in the United States. In addition, the College provides a pathway for non-Hawaiian language specialists through the Master of Arts in Indigenous Language and Culture Education. The two master’s programs are described earlier in this section.

Admission Requirements

1. Master’s degree from an accredited college or university with a minimum 3.0 grade point average in an approved field of study (e.g., Hawaiian Language and Literature, Indigenous Studies, Anthropology, Languages, etc).
2. Proficiency in and academic knowledge of the applicant’s indigenous language of focus, as demonstrated by a taped speech and written essay, with English translation. (The level of proficiency and academic knowledge required will depend on the status of the indigenous language, in terms of how endangered it is and how much linguistic description has been done.)
3. A letter requesting admission to the program which describes the applicant’s:
   1. academic objectives and research interests;
   2. experience in educational service to his or her indigenous language of focus;
   3. diversity experience with the contemporary status of an indigenous or threatened language and culture besides the student’s own indigenous language of focus. The social and political environment of this additional language should be different from that of the student’s language of focus.
   4. future plans regarding work to revitalize his or her indigenous language and culture.
4. A sample of written work (usually the master’s thesis).
5. Course work of at least 6 credits in general linguistics, linguistic analysis, and sociolinguistics
6. Complete taped interview either in person or by telephone.
7. Three letters of recommendation, at least one of which must focus on the applicant’s background in the language and culture of an indigenous people and service to that indigenous community.
8. For second language speakers of English, passing scores on the TOFEL or other evidence of English fluency.
9. Further information on the details of fulfilling admissions requirements are available from the Director of Ka Haka ʻUla O Keʻelikōlani College of Hawaiian Language.

Graduation Requirements

1. KIND 730 (3) Research Methods In Hawaiian And Indigenous Language And Culture Revitalization
2. 8 credits in Advanced Study of Language of Focus:
   • KLAN 701 (1) Semantics And Pragmatics In Indigenous Languages
   • KLAN 702 (1) Stylistics And Domains In Indigenous Languages
   • KLAN 703 (3) Semantics And Pragmatics Of An Indigenous Language
   • KLAN 704 (3) Stylistics And Domains Of An Indigenous Language
   • These credits are directed toward improved analytical and fluency skills in the student’s language of focus and its culture. KLAN 701/702 are seminars taken by all students to develop common understandings and for form the basis for KLAN 703/704, which focus specifically on Hawaiian or other indigenous languages depending on student interests.
3. Additional Language Requirement:
   • For students whose language of focus is Hawaiian, the additional language requirement will be met by demonstrated fluency and academic knowledge of any approved second language equivalent to the 102 level as taught at UH Hilo.
   • For students whose language of focus is other than Hawaiian, the additional language requirement will be met by demonstrated fluency and academic knowledge of Hawaiian equivalent to the 102 level as taught at UH Hilo.
4. Two Areas of Specialization:
   • Students will focus on TWO of the four areas of specialization provided in the program: (a) Indigenous Language and Culture Education, (b) Indigenous Language and Culture In Society, (c) Language Planning, and (d) Hawaiian Language and Culture. Specific research themes to be addressed within these broad areas are diverse in order to allow maximum application to student dissertation interests. Examples of such areas are literacy in indigenous languages, indigenous language media, spirituality and religion in traditional Hawaiian thought, lexicon development, indigenous language testing and evaluation, colonialism and neocolonialism as factors in indigenous language and culture revitalization, technology in indigenous language revitalization, diversity in indigenous languages and societies, ecological planning for indigenous language and culture survival, etc.
   • The amount of course work in the two areas of specialization is dependent on the student’s graduate committee, who will determine when the student is sufficiently prepared to take comprehensive examinations in the two areas. At a minimum the student must complete two of the following courses (together with the prerequisites) listed below:
     • KED 794 (3) Indigenous Language and Culture Education (pre: KED 660, 662 or equivalent)
     • KIND 794 (3) Indigenous Language and Culture In Society (pre: KIND 601, 602 or equivalent)
     • KLIN 794 (3) Language Planning (pre: KIND 601, 602 or equivalent)
     • HWST 794 (3) Hawaiian Language and Culture (pre: HAW 631, 654, HWST 663, 665 or consent of instructor)
5. Completion of all graduate courses with a grade no lower than “B”
6. Successful completion of a comprehensive examination consisting of oral and/or written questions, after the student’s Graduate Committee determines the student has had sufficient preparation in the field of study to begin work on the dissertation.
7. Successful completion of a dissertation, with enrollment in a minimum of six credits of KIND 800 (V) during the writing of the dissertation.
8. A final oral examination in defense of the dissertation is then required upon completion of the dissertation.