Weed Science (HORT 481)

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Course description

Classification, identification, and adaptation of weeds. Principles of weed control, including properties, use, and action of herbicides. Pre:HORT 262 or BIOL 153 and one year of chemistry.

Syllabus

Instructor

Dr. Sheldon Furutani, Ph.D. Office CAB Rm 101B

Office hrs. by appt.

Phone 933-0852 w/voice mail

Email furutani@hawaii.edu

Class 2 hour lecture and 2.5 hours lab

Prerequisites

Hort 262 or Biol 153 and one year chemistry.

Course Objectives

To familiarize students with the biology of weeds, principles of control, chemistry and physiology of herbicides, herbicide safety and use, and weed control practices in various crops.

Text

Wood, Powell and Anderson. Weed Science: Principles and Applications. 1996. West.

Lecture Topics

Topic	Chapter Readings
Introduction to Weeds	1
Weed Ecology	2
Methods of Weed Control	3, 4
Herbicide Relationships in Soil and Plants	5, 6
Formulations and application equipment	7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Herbicide Families, Herbicides in Selected Crops	12 to 30

Course Content Materials

WEED LIST

FAMILY	GENUS	SPECIES	COMMON NAME
Acanthaceae	Thunbergia	fragrans	White Thumbergia
Amaranthaceae	Amaranthus	spinosus	Spiny Amaranth
Araceae	Caladium	spp.	Caladium
Caryophyllaceae	Drymaria	cordata	Drymaria
Commelinaceae	Commelina	diffusa	Honohono
Asteraceae	Ageratum	conyzoides	Ageratum
Asteraceae	Bidens	pilosa	Spanish Needle
Asteraceae	Conyza	bonariensis	Hairy Horseweed
Asteraceae	Emila	sonchifolia	Floras Paintbrush
Asteraceae	Erechites	hieracifolia	Fireweed
Asteraceae	Eupatorium	riparium	Hamakua Pamakani
Asteraceae	Galinsoga	parviflora	Galinsoga
Asteraceae	Pluchea	indica	Indian Fleabane
Asteraceae	Sonchus	oleraceus	Sow Thistle
Asteraceae	Syndrella	nodiflora	Nodeweed
Convolvulaceae	Ipomea	diffusa	Morning Glory
Cyperaceae	Cyperus	brevifolis	Green Kyllinga
Cyperaceae	Cyperus	kyllinga	White Kyllinga
Cyperaceae	Cyperus	hypochlorus	Cyperus
Cyperaceae	Cyperus	rotundus	Purple Nutsedge
Euphorbiaceae	Euphorbia	glomerifera	Graceful Spurge
Euphorbiaceae	Euphorbia	hirta	Garden Spurge
Euphorbiaceae	Euphorbia	prostrata	Prostrate Spurge
Euphorbiaceae	Phyllanthus	niruri	Niruri
Euphorbiaceae	Ricinus	communis	Castor Bean
Poaceae	Adropogon	bicornis	West Indian Foxtail
Poaceae	Adropogon	virginicus	Broom Sedge
Poaceae	Brachiaria	mutica	California Grass
Poaceae	Cenchrus	echinatus	Sandbur
Poaceae	Coix	lacryma-jobi	Jobs Tears
Poaceae	Cynodon	dactylon	Common Bermudagrass
Poaceae	Digitaria	violascens	Smooth Crabgrass
Poaceae	Eleucine	indica	Wire Grass, Goose Grass
Poaceae	Melinis	minutiflora	Molasses Grass
Poaceae	Panicum	maximum	Guinea Grass
Poaceae	Panicum	repens	Wainaku Grass
Poaceae	Pennisetum	purpureum	Napier Grass
Poaceae	Paspalum	conjugatum	Hilo Grass
Poaceae	Paspalum	urvillei	Vasey Grass
Poaceae	Rhychelytrum	repens	Natal Red Top
Poaceae	Setaria	glauca	Yellow Foxtail
Poaceae	Setaria	palmifolia	Palm Grass
Poaceae	Sorghum	halepense	Johnson Grass
Poaceae	Sporobolus	poiretii	Smutgrass
Poaceae	Paspalum	orbiculare	Rice Grass
Fabaceae	Cassia	leschenaultiana	Japanese Tea
Fabaceae	Crotolaria	mucronata	Smooth Rattle Pod
Fabaceae	Desmodium	canum	Spanish Clover
Fabaceae	Desmodium	tortuosum	Florida Beggarweed
Fabaceae	leucaena	leucocephala	Haole Koa
Fabaceae	Mimosa	pudica	Sensitive plant
Lobeliaceae	Laurentia	longifolia	Star-of-Bethlehem
Lythraceae	Cuphea	carthagenesis	Tar Weed
Melastomataceae	Melastoma	malabathricum	Melastoma
Oxalidaceae	Oxalis	corniculata	Yellow Wood Sorrel
Oxalidaceae	Oxalis	martiana	Pink Wood Sorrel
Plantaginaceae	Plantago	lanceolata	Buckhorn Plantain
Plantaginaceae	Plantago	major	Broad-leaved plantain
Polygonaceae	Polygala	paniculata	Polygalaceae
Rosaceae	Rubus	penetrans	Blackberry
Rubiaceae	Borreria	laevis	Buttonweed
Rubiaceae	Paederia	foetida	Maile Pilau
Solanaceae	Solanum	nigrum	Popolo
Apiaceae	Centella	asiatica	Asiatic Pennyworth
Verbenaceae	Verbena	litoralis	Verbena
Verbenaceae	Strachytarpheta	jamaicensis	Jamaica Vervain

Herbicide Family Structure

Herbicide Study Guide

Key to Mode of Action(use the following for exam):

1=Inhibit lipid biosynthesis.

2=Inhibit photosynthesis

3=Inhibit mitosis

4=Inhibit carotene biosynthesis

5=Interference of nucleic acid metabolism

6=Inhibit ALS

7=Contact kill

8=Disrupts microtubial formation

9=Inhibit shikimic acid pathway

10=Inhibits formation of cellulose from glucose

11=Soil sterilant